Hereditary hair loss (androgenetic alopecia)
Androgenetic alopecia mainly affects men, though increasing numbers of women suffer from it too. In men, it’s an inherited hypersensitivity to a hormone produced by the body called DHT. It is made by a specific enzyme from testosterone, which is responsible for beard growth, muscle building, deep voice and body hair. In women, it can primarily – due to a hormonal imbalance in childbearing age – lead to thinning hair along the hairline. In such cases, however, it’s generally not referred to as hereditary hair loss. This type of hair loss is caused by increased testosterone levels.
In this particular case, treatment is much easier for women than for men, as women can usually resort to natural measures. Even if there is the option to gently influence the hormonal balance with herbal remedies in men, in most cases doctors will prescribe another treatment – for example, medication.
Circular hair loss
Also called alopecia areata, circular hair loss is characterised by circular areas of baldness. Although it usually affects the head, in some severe cases alopecia areata can cause hair loss all over the body. Circular hair loss is considered an autoimmune disease; the body’s defence cells attack the follicles cells.
Around 50 percent of those affected by alopecia areata achieve long-term success with creams and solutions. Another treatment is cortisone injections, which are injected into balding areas of the skin. For larger bald spots, local immunotherapy with diphencyprone is often used.
Special types of hair loss
A rare form of hair loss is scarring, also known as alopecia cicatricalis, characterised by bald patches on the head where the hair follicles are damaged and a scar forms. It is difficult to detect because of how slowly it develops. Radiation-induced hair loss (alopecia actinica) also occurs mostly after medically induced radiation therapy with very high levels of radioactive radiation. The causes of hair loss are pressure, tension or friction on the hair root as well as excessive production of sebum. To treat these types, the attending physician usually prescribes medication, which, if taken correctly, solves the problem. In the case of scarring hair loss, in addition to drug treatment, it is advisable in some cases to remove the brush hairs.
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